20260706:新增一些文章
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concepts/rice-theorem.md
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concepts/rice-theorem.md
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title: "Rice's Theorem"
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created: 2026-07-02
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updated: 2026-07-02
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type: concept
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tags: [computability, verification, theory]
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sources: []
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---
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# Rice's Theorem
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**Rice 定理**:程序的任何非平凡语义性质都是不可判定的。
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## 形式化
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给定一个程序,不存在通用算法能够判定该程序是否满足任意非平凡的行为性质(即该性质非永真、非永假)。
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## 对 Coding Agent 验证的意义
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Rice 定理从**可计算性理论**层面支持了 [[verification-horizon|验证边界]] 的核心论点:不存在完美的验证器,因为验证任意程序是否满足用户意图在理论上就是不可判定的。
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在 [[test-driven-rewards|测试驱动奖励]] 中,可执行测试只能覆盖有限的行为空间——程序的完整语义永远超出任何测试套件的能力范围。
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## 参考
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- [[verification-horizon]]
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- [[verification-trilemma]]
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- Rice, H. G. (1953). Classes of Recursively Enumerable Sets and Their Decision Problems
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