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concepts/non-stationary-time-series.md
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title: "Non-stationary Time Series(非平稳时间序列)"
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created: 2026-05-11
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updated: 2026-05-11
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type: concept
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tags: [time-series, statistics, machine-learning]
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sources: [[liu-koopa-2023]]
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---
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# Non-stationary Time Series(非平稳时间序列)
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## 定义
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非平稳时间序列是指统计特性(均值、方差、协方差)或时间依赖模式随时间变化的时间序列。这是真实世界数据的普遍特征——天气、金融、能耗等几乎都是非平稳的。
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## 对深度学习的挑战
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- **分布迁移**:训练窗口和推理窗口的数据分布可能截然不同
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- **模型泛化困难**:模型学到的模式在分布变化后失效
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- **传统应对**:差分、归一化等预处理,但会丢失信息
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## Koopa 的处理方式
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不将非平稳视为需要消除的"噪声",而是通过 [[fourier-filter-dynamics|Fourier Filter]] 将其**显式解耦**为时变和时不变分量,分别用不同的 [[koopman-predictor|Koopman 预测器]] 处理。
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## 相关概念
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- [[time-variant-dynamics|时变动力学]]
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- [[fourier-filter-dynamics|Fourier Filter]]
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- [[liu-koopa-2023|Koopa]]
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