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---
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title: "Entropy Deficit (熵赤字)"
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created: 2026-07-10
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updated: 2026-07-10
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type: concept
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tags: ["information-geometry", "kl-divergence", "directional-statistics", "maximum-entropy"]
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sources: ["[[gid-sphere-2026|GID (You, 2026)]]"]
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---
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# Entropy Deficit (熵赤字)
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在 [[geometric-information-decomposition|GID]] 中,**熵赤字** D_L(P) 是第 L 级最大熵投影与均匀分布之间的 KL 散度。
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## 定义
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```
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D_L(P) = KL(p^P_L ν ∥ ν) = ∫ p^P_L log p^P_L dν ≥ 0
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```
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其中 ν 是球面上的归一化面测度(均匀分布 = p ≡ 1, h(p) = 0)。
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## 有效不确定性
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从熵赤字可定义**有效不确定性**:
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```
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U_L(P) = exp{-D_L(P)} ∈ (0, 1]
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```
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- U_L = 1:第 L 级特征未捕获任何非均匀信息
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- U_L ≪ 1:特征解释了显著的结构
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## 单调性
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嵌套特征空间 → D_L(P) 单调非降:
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```
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0 = D₀(P) ≤ D₁(P) ≤ D₂(P) ≤ ... ≤ D_L(P)
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```
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每增加一级特征,投影密度至少保留前一级的所有信息——更多信息不可能减少 KL 散度。
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## KL-gap 恒等式
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```
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D_L(P) = Σ_{ℓ=1}^L I_ℓ(P)
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```
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即总熵赤字 = 各级信息缺口之和。这是 Amari 信息几何中层次 KL 分解(Pythagorean 恒等式)的特例。
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## 参考
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- [[geometric-information-decomposition|GID]]
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- [[information-gap|Information Gap]]
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- [[maximum-entropy-projection|Maximum Entropy Projection]]
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