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---
title: "van der Waerden Theorem"
created: 2026-05-11
updated: 2026-05-11
type: concept
tags: [number-theory, combinatorics, additive-theory]
sources: [[ramsey-numbers-survey]]
---
# van der Waerden Theorem
## 定义
对正整数的任意有限着色,必存在任意长的单色等差数列。
形式化:对任意正整数 r 和 k存在最小 W(r,k),使得对 {1,...,W(r,k)} 的任意 r-着色,必存在长为 k 的单色等差数列。
## 历史地位
- **1927**Bartel van der Waerden 证明,是最早的 Ramsey 型结果之一
- **密度推广**[[szemerédi-regularity-lemma|Szemerédi 定理]]1975将其从着色条件加强为密度条件
- **峰顶**[[green-tao-theorem|Green-Tao 定理]]将这一结论应用于素数集
## 证明精神
原始证明使用双重归纳法,其递归结构预示了后来 Ramsey 理论中"从大到小逐步提取子结构"的标准策略。
## 相关概念
- [[additive-combinatorics|加法组合学]]
- [[green-tao-theorem|Green-Tao 定理]]
- [[ramsey-theory|拉姆齐理论]]